CAIRO – Israel stepped up air strikes on Rafah overnight after saying it would evacuate civilians from the southern Gazan city and launch an all-out assault despite allies’ warnings this could cause mass casualties.

Medics in the besieged Palestinian enclave reported five Israeli air strikes on Rafah early on April 25 that hit at least three houses, killing at least six people, including a local journalist.

“We are afraid of what will happen in Rafah. The level of alert is very high,” Palestinian Ambassador to the United Nations Ibrahim Khraishi said. “Some are leaving. They are afraid for their families, but where can they go? They are not being allowed to go to the north and so are confined to a very small area.”

The Gaza Strip is about 40km long, and between about 5km and 12km wide, and is one of the most densely populated areas in the world.

In the seventh month of a devastating air and ground war, Israeli forces also resumed bombarding northern and central areas of the enclave, as well as east of Khan Younis in the south. Israel’s stated goal is to destroy Hamas, though it is unclear how it would do so.

A UN team visiting a site for a staging area and pier for maritime aid operations was forced to take cover in a bunker on April 24 after the area came under attack, a spokesperson said on April 25.

They were there for “some time”, but there were no injuries.

Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu’s war Cabinet was meeting “to discuss how to destroy the last vestiges, the last quarter of Hamas’ battalions, in Rafah and elsewhere”, government spokesman David Mencer said.

He declined to say when or whether the classified forum might give a green light for a ground operation in Rafah.

Israel has killed at least 34,305 Palestinians, the Gaza health authorities said on April 25. The offensive has laid to waste much of the widely urbanised enclave, displacing most of its 2.3 million people and leaving many with little food, water or medical care.

A UN expert, speaking after visits to Jordan and Egypt, said aid agencies were seeing an increasing number of patients suffering from the acute lack of food in Gaza.

“What I’ve seen here was traumatising,” Ms Francesca Albanese, the UN special rapporteur on human rights in the occupied territories, told reporters in Cairo. “Patients that previously arrived in Egypt primarily with explosive and other war injury-related symptoms are now joined by increasing numbers of patients, often children, with chronic diseases and severe malnutrition.”

Israel is retaliating against an Oct 7 Hamas attack that killed 1,200 people and led to 253 being taken hostage, according to Israeli tallies. Iranian-backed Hamas is sworn to Israel’s destruction due to its occupation of Palestinian territories.

Escalating Israeli warnings about invading Rafah, the last refuge for around a million civilians who fled Israeli forces farther north earlier in the war, have nudged some families to leave for the nearby Al-Mawasi coastal area or try to make their way to points farther north, residents and witnesses said. But many were confused over where they should go, saying their experience over the past 200 days of war had taught them that no place was genuinely safe.

Mr Mohammad Nasser, 34, a father of three, said he left Rafah two weeks ago and now stays in a shelter in Deir Al-Balah in central Gaza to avoid being caught by surprise by an Israeli invasion and be unable to escape.

“We escape from one trap into another, searching for places Israel calls safe before they bomb us there. It is like the rat and trap game,” he said via a chat app.

“We are trying to adapt to the new reality, hoping it will become better, but I doubt it will.”

Spokeswoman for the Norwegian Refugee Council Shaina Low said there appeared to be fewer people in Rafah, which borders Egypt. She said teams on the ground had said people expect an invasion after the Jewish Passover holiday ends on April 30.

A senior Israeli defence official said on April 24 that Israel was poised to evacuate civilians before its attack on Rafah and had bought 40,000 tents that could house 10 to 12 people each.

Satellite images of Al-Mawasi between Rafah, Khan Younis and the sea – an area of sand beaches and fields only 5km by 3km in size – showed significant camp settlements erected over the past two weeks.

Bombing and bodies

Meanwhile, a Palestinian civil defence team called on the UN to investigate what it said were war crimes at a Gaza hospital, saying nearly 400 bodies were recovered from mass graves after Israeli soldiers left the complex in Khan Younis.

The Israeli military said allegations by the Palestinian authorities that its forces had buried the bodies were “baseless and unfounded”.

In the north, Israeli forces continued to pound Beit Lahiya, Beit Hanoun, Jabalia and Zeitoun, with some residents saying Hamas and Islamic Jihad militants were fighting Israeli ground forces with anti-tank rockets, mortar bombs and sniper fire.

The Palestine Telecommunications Company said internet services had again been cut off in central and southern Gaza on April 25, blaming Israeli military operations.

Such outages have compounded the obstacles confronting efforts to get emergency aid to stricken civilians.

An aid worker who was part of Belgium’s development efforts in Gaza died in one Israeli strike, the Belgian government said on April 25, adding it was summoning the Israeli ambassador over the incident. REUTERS